Electrical system for motor-vehicles.



G. W. WACKER.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR MOTOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-12. 1911.

1,269,344. Patented June 11, 1918.

l/Vl/EN TOR 1 BY W ATTORNEYS STATES PATENT, omen.

GEORGE W. WACnR, OF RUTHERFORD, REW JERSEY, ASSIGHOR TO NLTIOHAL CARBON COMPANY 116., O! m YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF mnw YORK.

ILROTRICAL SYSTEM FOR MOTOR-VEHICLES. 0

Specification of Letters ratent.

Patented June 11, 1918.

Applintion fled lluvenber 12, 1817. Serial 10. 801,688.

'ful Improvement in Electrical Systems for Motor-Vehicles, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof.

My invention relates to electrical systems for use upon motor vehicles, for effecting ignition in their internal combustion engines and for light' purposes, and my present invention mcl l i es or is a further development of my patented invention, Patent No. 1,224,244, of May 1, 1917, for magneto. The principal object of my invention is to provide an electrical system in which a magneto of the fly -wheel t e can be efliciently employed both for ignition and for lighting purposes. Other more particular objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter a pear.-

My a ve noted patent discloses a ma eto armature having a primary winding orming a prima coil, a secondary winding forming a big tension coil, and also a separate or independent winding forming a supplemental reinforcing coil for the primary coil, for augmenting the inductive efiect upon the secondary coil. When the engine 1s running slowly, as in starting, I have found this supplemental reinforcing coil to be very advantageous, but after the engine has attained its higher normal runnin speed, I have found that the magneto wifi operate ellicientl for ignition purposes without this rein orci xig coil. Accordin to my present invention provide for emp oying such a separate coil as a reinforcing coil during the starting of the engine and until it has attained its normal high speed, and under normal running conditions of the engine I provide for employin this separate coil for lighting purposes. Ely present invention includes in combination such a separate armature coil adapted to serve as a rein forcing coil for theusual primary armature coil and also to be employed for providing illumination, tacco to the conditions which may prevail. 1 y invention also includes features of construction and combinations of parts, as will appear from the following description.

I shall now describe the electrical system illustrated in the accompanying drawings as an embodiment of my invention, and shall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure 1 is a diagram of the circuits.

Fi 2 is an elevation of the magneto with the rim, hub and shaft of the fiy-wheel, together with other parts, in vertical section, and illustrates, partly in'diagram, the wiringrconnections of the circuits.

he electrical system embodying my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings includes an electric generator which is a magneto of the fiy-wheel type,

comprising a stationary magnetizable armature core 1, having thereon at one end a usual primary coil 2, and a usual secondary hi h tension coil 3 in inductive relation with t e primary. coil 2, the primary coil or primary winding 2 bein composed, as is usual, of a comparatively ew turns of large or coarse wire, and the secondary coil 3 bein composed, as is usual, of a large number 0 turns of fine wire wound in the usual way upon or over the primary winding 2. Upon the other end of the armature core 1 there is a separate and independent winding or coil 4 composed of large or coarse wire similar to the primary coil 2, and in fact, the same kind of wire may be employed for the rimary coil 2 and for the independent coi ,4, and the independent coil 4 may have as many turns of wire as conditions may require, and is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1 as having a larger number of turns than the pri-v mary coil 2.

In the magneto construction illustrated in the drawings, the armature core 1, having thereon the primary coil 2, secondary coil 3, and independent coil 4, is surrounded by a rotative magnetic field provided by two semicircular permanent magnets 5 forming together a circular or ring-shaped magnet prolvided at the iiiner side Wlt lII htWO opposite arran e ieces 6. e ma ets 5 arg can'iecfb Ehon magnetic shell 7 ming part of a y-wheel having a hub 8 fixed upon a rotative shaft 9. It is to be noted in this connection that the ma etizable armature core 1 extends or ro ects at opposite sides of the rotative shaft 9 forming the axis of rotation of the rotative field, the primary coil 2 and secondary coil 3 being located on .the armature core 1 at one side of this shaft 9, and the separate or independent coil 4 being. located on the other end of the armalamp circuit, and also provides for the use or utilization of this separate and independent coil 4 as a supplemental or reinforcing coil for strengthening or augmenting the inductive effect of the primary coil 2 in its inductive relation to the secondary coil 3, as is fully disclosed in my above mentioned Patent, No. 1,224,244 of May 1st, 1917, for magneto.

In the construction illustrated in the drawings, one end of the winding of the primary coil 2 is connected by means of a conductor 10 to a conductive connector piece or contact ost 11, which in Fig. 1 is diagrammatica ly indicated merely as an electrical conductor represented by a line. The electrically conductive post 11 is mounted upon and insulated from an electrically conductive stationary armature frame 12, which in 1 is diagrammatically represented by a line 12 to lndicate a onductive part having a ground connection 1.3 to the frame of the ve icle. The other terminal of the primary coil 2'is connected b means of a conductor 14 to the roun ed armature frame 12. One end of t e high tension sec ondary coil 3 is connected to the conductor 10 between the primary coil 2 and the conductive contact post 11 without being exposed or brought to the outside of the armature, and the other end of this high tension secondary coil 3 is brought to the outside of the armature windings t rough a connecting V device 15 forming the subject of my Patent No. 1,224,246 of May 1, 1917, for high tension coil, and is connected by means of a conducting wire 16 to one terminal of ausual spark plug 17 formin a spark ap as is well known, and the ot er termina o which has a grounded connection 18.

A circuit breaker of any suitable construct1on may be interposed between the conductive connector piece or contact post 11 and the grounded armature frame 12. The circuit breaker illustrated in part in the accompanyingvdrawings forms the subject of my Patent 0. 1,224,245 of May 1, 1917, for

magneto, and will now be briefly butsufli-.

ciently described for present purposes. .A stationary contact stud 1% is mounted upon and in electrical connection with the insulated connector piece 11. A sheet metal circuit-closing or contact-making push spring 20 is mounted u 011516. is in electrical connection with t e electricall conductive armature frame 12. This clrcuitclosing or contact-making spring 20 carries a contact-breaking lever bar 21,,which at its u per end is provided with a fulcrum pin 22 w 10h rests upon a fulcrum block or bearing 23 of insulatin% material carried by contact post 11. car its lower en the lever bar 21 carries acontact stud 24, which is movable with the lever bar 21, and ooo crates with the stationary contact stud 19. 'l end of the circuit he lower projectin breaking lever bar 21 1s shown as ofiset away from the circuit-closing spring 20, and this oifset end of the the lever bar 21'1sco6perative with a cam roller 25 of suitable insulating material, such as vulcanized fiber. The cam Ti II roller 25 is loosely contained in a slot in the armature frame 12, adjacent to the face of V the contact post 11. At one side the cam roller 25 is engageable with the adjacent end of the lever bar 21 and at the other side the cam roller 25 is adapted to be engaged and operated by a rotating cam 26, which is carr1ed by the fi -wheel hub 8 and which has as appears in ig. 1, a depressed cam surface for permitting the sprm 20 to close the circuit and keep it closed or a short period, and a raised cam surface for separating the movable contact stud 24 from the stationary contact stud 19, for breaking the circuit and holding it open for a longer period. ,The contact termlnals 19 and 24 of the circuit breaker are shunted in the usual manner by a spark-absorbing condenser 27, one side or one of the terminals of which is grounded upon the armature frame 12 and the other side or terminal of which is shown as connected by means of a wire 28 to the conductive contact post 11.

One end or terminal of the se arate or segregated coil 4 is rounded on t e armature franfe 12 throng a conductor 29. The other end or terminal of the independent coil 4 is connected to and controlled by a circuit controller, which is shown as a twoway switch havin a terminal 30 to which the end of the windi 4 is connected by means of a con uctor 31, and upon which is pivoted a manually operable switch lever 32 which is adapted to engage either one or the other of two separated contact terminals- 33 and 34. Oneof these terminals 33 shown in the drawings as the lower one o the two,

ng of the segre ated coil til is connected by means of a wire 35 to the insulated connector I lamps 37 of the lighting circuit 36, as appears in Fig. 2 of the drawings; or this independent coil 4 ma be connected in a circuit with the incan escent lamps 37 to the exclusion of the primary and secondary magneto coils 2 and 3, as appears in Fig. 1'

of the drawings. It is to be understood of course that the circuit connections of the coils are such that the independent coil 4 will at all times cooperate with or act in harmony with the primary coil 2 in its inductive effect, and not in opposition thereto.

When the switch lever 32 engages the lower switch terminal 33, the independent coil 4 thenacts as a supplemental or reinforcing coil for the primary coil 2, in the same manner as is described in my hereinbefore mentioned Patent, No. 1,224,244, of May 1, 1917, for magneto. When thus connected, the primary coil 2 and the independent coil 4, acting as a supplemental reinforcing coil for the primary coil 2, areboth grounded to the machine and connected in parallel with each other jointly to deliver current through the contact terminals 19 and 24 of: the circuit breaker, and also b a current path leading throu h the hi 'tension coil 3 and the spark p ug 17. T e

sign relations of the several coils are such, that when the circuit breaker is opened, the secondary E. M. F. of the high tension coil 3 is co-directional with the joint E. M. F. of self-induction in the connected coils 2 and 4, so that these potentials are efl'ectually added to produce a jump spark at the spark ph iglll c e se arate or independent coil 4 is thus employe to reinforce the inductive efl'ect of the primary coil 2 during the operation of starting the internal combustion engine and until such-engine has attained its normal high speed of operation. The electrical stem o my present invention is inten ed more particularly to be employed upon comparatively small and light motor vejhicles, which may be described as being of what may be generally termed the motor.- cycle type; and without the separate coil 4 acting as arcinfiorcing coil for the primary magneto coil 2, the starting operation would be much more difiicult, requiring that the veh1cle be pushed faster and farther along the ground in. order to efl'ect the starting of its engine. However, what may be termed the boosting effect of the coil 4 results in the eflicient operation of the magneto at a low speed, thereby making the starting operation easy. After the engine has started and has attained its normal running speed, then the employment of the independent coil 4 as a reinforcing coil for the primary coil 2 may be dispensed with, as at such higher speed of operation of the magneto, the primary coil 2 alone has been found to It is obvious that var1ous modifications may'be made in'the construction shown in the drawings and above articularly described within the princip e. and scope of my inveiition.

I claim:

1. 'An electrical system for motor vehicles comprising a magneto armature core, primary and secondary coils disposed thereon in inductive relation-to each other, a circuit breaker, a common connection conductively uniting one terminal of the circuit breaker and one terminal of each of said coils, ground leads for the opposite terminals of said coils and circuit breaker, a spark gap in said ground lead for the secondary coil, a separate and independent coil on the core out of connection with the other coils, a lighting circuit, a ground lead for one terminal of said independent coil, a circuit controller for connecting the other terminal of said independent coil to one terminal of the lighting circuit ori to said common connection at will, and a und connection for the other terminal of t e lighting circuit.

2. An electrical system for motor vehicles having, in combination, a primary armature coil, a secondary coil in inductive relation with the primary coil, a separate and independent armature coil, a lighting circuit, a circuit controller for connecting said independent coil in the lighting circuit or in circuit with the primary coil for reinforcing the inductive. efiect of the primary coil, a spark gap in the circuit of the secondary coil, and a circuit breaker in the circuit of the primary coil.

' 3. An electrical system for motor vehicles having, in combination, an armature core, a primary winding on the core, a secondary winding on the core in inductive relation with the primary winding, an independent winding on the core at another lace separate from the primary and secondary windmgs, a spark gap in the circuit of the secondary winding, a circuit breaker in the circuit of the primary winding, a lighting circuit, and a circuit controller for connecting the said independent winding in the lighting circuit or in circuit with the primary winding as may be desired.

4. An electrical system for motor vehicles comprising a ma etic field and an armature c'ore' mounte for relative rotation with the armature core projecting to opposite sides of the axis of rotation, a primary winding on one end of the core at oneside of said axis, a secondary winding on the same end of the core as the primary windwhich one terminal of the secondary coll is I connected, a circuit breaker to which one terminal of the primary coil and the other terminal of the secondary coil are connected, an independent armature coil, a lighting circuit, and a clrcuit controller for connecting' one of the terminals of said independent coil to the lighting circuit or to the circuit breaker as may be desired.

6. An electrical system for motorvehicles I having, in combination, a primary armature coil, a secondary coil in inductive relation with the primary coil, a separate 'and independent armature coil, means for independently utilizing the current delivered by said independent .coil, a circuit controller for connectin said independent coil in circuit with sai means or in circuit with the primary coil for reinforcing the inductive efiect ofthe latter, and means for utilizing the high tension current delivered by the secondary coil.

In testimon whereof, I have aflixed my signature to t s specification.

GEORGE WIWACKER. 

